Which film introduced the concept of montage editing?

The film that introduced the concept of montage editing is "The Battleship Potemkin." Directed by Sergei Eisenstein in 1925, it is renowned for its innovative use of montage, a technique that involves editing together a series of short shots to create a cohesive narrative or evoke specific emotions in the audience. Eisenstein believed that montage could express ideas beyond what could be illustrated through individual shots, and he applied this technique masterfully in the film, particularly in the famous "Odessa Steps" sequence.

The film’s editing style is designed to provoke an emotional response and communicate a powerful political message about revolution and class struggle. By juxtaposing different images, Eisenstein was able to manipulate the audience's perception and understanding of the events depicted, establishing montage as a vital tool in cinematic storytelling. This foundational approach to editing not only defined Soviet cinema but also influenced filmmakers around the world, making "The Battleship Potemkin" a cornerstone of film theory and practice.

In contrast, the other films listed—while all significant in their own right—did not primarily focus on or introduce the concept of montage editing in the same way as Eisenstein's work did.